Dialect in British Fiction: 1800-1836Funded by The Arts and Humanities Research CouncilSupported by The University of Sheffield
Full record including Speech Extracts
Carver, MrsThe Old Woman. A Novel. In two volumes. By the author of The Horrors of Oakendale Abbey
Author Details
Surname:Carver
First Names:Mrs
Gender:Female
Anonymous:No
Publication Details
Publisher:Printed for the Author, at the Minerva-Press, by William Lane, Leadenhall-Street.
Place:London
Date:1800
Novel Details
Genre:Gothic; romance
Setting:Castle (Arkeley Castle); country houses
Period:Contemporary
Plot
Epistolary account of Julia St Edward, who, because of a binding agreement made between their fathers, is forced to marry her first cousin. Typically gothic apparitions and terrifying noises which 'haunt' Julia at the castle turn out to be part of a plot to destabilise her and leave a marriage deemed 'unsuitable' by some.
Overview of the Dialect
Since the novel is epistolary in form, the varieties found are inevitably reported rather than direct. However, several regional / social varieties are seen. The author makes some fairly subtle distinctions between the varieties she represents: a young servant, Lucy, for example, is represented quite differently from an old servant, Arthur Bennet (see pp. 68-9 for Lucy and p. 74 for Arthur). The novel is also interesting because a social-climbing character, Mrs Lovelace, is represented as making grammatical errors (see p. 53); moreover, all of these representations are mediated through other characters' letters!
Displaying 8 characters from this novel    |    Highlight dialect features in each extract    |    Do not highlight dialect features in each extract
Speaker #1:Lucy - Julia St. Edward's maid
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Lucy
Gender:Female
Age:Adult - young
Narrative Voice:1st person
Role:Peripheral

Social Role
Social Role Description:Julia St. Edward's maid
Social Role Category:Servant
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Assume Lucy is from local area (Stafforshire moorlands) although this is not specified in the text.
Place of Origin Category:Staffordshire, Midlands England, England
Speakers: All , Lucy
To keep you therefore no longer in suspense, Lucy began by saying, (in a hesitating voice and a countenance strongly impressed with terror,) "Law, mame !, you look frightened;--sure you hav'n't seen any thing! O dear me, mame , this house is sartainly haunted. I have heard sitch noises as none but spirits could make; and as sure as I stands here alive, the t'other night, as I was a coming through the gallery where all the pictures be, I heard a noise, and as I turned my head, ( tho' I generally shuts my eyes if I comes that way,) law! I thought I should a died; for the great picture of the ould lady as fronts the door, and I always thinks looks at me, but now its eyes moved, and I saw them as plain, mame , as I now see your's move. Well -- I runs screaming back again, and just as I got to the great stairs I met Mary housemaid, and so she seeing me so frighted, we took fast hold of one another, and shut our eyes, and so we run downstairs; and when I told her what had made me so frightful, she was not at all surprised, for she said she had seen it more than once or twice; and when she told it in the kitchen, Mr. Harding, master's gentleman, said there was no occasion to be afeard , for sitch things did happen now a-days; and said as how he had read a book called The Castle of Trantum, where the pictures walked out of their frames, and sighed; and I think he said, sometimes spoke! Lord bless us! it makes me shake now but to think on't. However, I have never ventured through the gallery since; but I believe it is the same in every place in the house; for the dairy-maid, who is up sometimes before 'tis light, says she has seen lights and and faces a looking through the windows in the lower buildings, and heard sitch noises, as she's sure the ghosts must be playing strange gambols .
(Vol. 1,p. 68-71)
Speaker #2:Arthur Bennet - Butler
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Butler
Gender:Male
Age:Adult - elderly
Narrative Voice:1st person
Role:Peripheral

Social Role
Social Role Description:Butler
Social Role Category:Servant
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Assume local (Staffordshire moorlands) although this is not specified in the text.
Place of Origin Category:Staffordshire, Midlands England, England
Speakers: All , Arthur Bennet
I asked Arthur Bennet, in a careless manner, if the castle had not been always famous for strange and unaccountable noises. "Yes, good madam," he replied, "that it has; but I never minded the nonsense that was talked. I have lived in it nine-and-forty years come next Michaelmas, and, thank God, have never see'd anything uglier than myself. As to noises, 'tis impossible that in such a great rambling place, but that there must be noises. Why I reckon there be rats as old as I am, or nearly; and then the wind makes its way in all the long passages and staicases enough to startle a bold man. But I hope, my dear lady, you have met with nothing to fright or terrify you; and I am sorry you did not go to London with his honour: such a sweet couple should never be parted. My old master and mistress never were divided for fifty years, and only then by death. But fashions be changed since then, and they say as nobody lives in that sort of way now a-days,--the more's the pity; for when two people loves one another , they should always be together."
(Vol. 1,p. 74-75)
Speaker #3:Miss Carroset - Social climber
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Young lady
Gender:Female
Age:Adult - young
Narrative Voice:1st person
Role:Central
Dialect Features:Metalanguage

Social Role
Social Role Description:Social climber
Social Role Category:Aristocracy or gentry
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Unspecified, but presumably England
Place of Origin Category:England
Extract #1 dialect features: Metalanguage
Speakers: All , Miss Carroset
[speaking of visit to a cavern in Buxton, Derbyshire]
They got me in one cavern all dripping with wet, with great stones rolling under one's feet, in a place where you cannot stand upright, and two or three of the most hideous women to attend you I ever beheld, who talked in a dialect I could not understand, but seemed to express the beauties, as well as the wonders of the place .
(Vol. 1,p. 163)
Speaker #4:Stephen Macardoe - Servant / messenger
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Servant
Gender:Male
Age:Adult - unspecified age
Narrative Voice:1st person
Role:Minor

Social Role
Social Role Description:Servant / messenger
Social Role Category:
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Irish (assume Limerick, since letter written from there).
Place of Origin Category:Limerick, Limerick, West Ireland, Ireland
Speakers: All , Stephen Macardoe
Dear John,
[Writing] You nose as I promished to rite , and I be the more willen so to do becuase you nose of my parshality to Mrs. Jane, an I shud a rit soonder , but we a been in so mutsh bussle an confushion that I had no hart to set down to rite . My lord is gon now, marcy on him--I wish weed niver comed hear , but I musent tell tails . Sitch wachings and ridings by day an by nite , an for wat , for nothin but wat wull be a disgrase an the sweetest lady--but she as gin us the go by , an now we be all left at Blanzey upon bored wages, an not a thing we can get for our munny , for theres nothen to be had. Ireland is tore to peces , sad doins, indeed you may meet we rebles evry step you stur , an evry body goes harmed , an fokes hear mins no moor bein murdurd than if they was goen to a feest . Lord help us say I, but this is nothen to the purpus of wat as I ment to rite about. Tell Mrs. Jane as how in all my trubbles , an all my gurneys , an all my walkins , I niver forgot she , nor was niver arter thinkin of any thing ellse , tho my lord kep us up nite arter nite , an now we ha bin skuwring ovver the contry for madam, I musent menchun her name for fear of axidents . I think she must be dead or killed by the rebles , for wear can she be gon to, she ha no frends hear , and dont no nothen of her way, how shoud she poor sowl , an she was carred off in sitch a frite an a urry from her oun hous as she niver rekoverd , and she woudent speke to my lord if she cood help it, and was resentful to the last, but when my lord whent away, he sayed as how hed niver com bak till hed foond her, for she was all he walled in lif , so how it will hend God only nose , but bein as how she was a marred whoman , hit may prov a bad gob , and my pore lord git into trubble , but whinever you tels hit hit must be a seekret . I shal be glad to here from you. Plees to remembar me to all freends , and in partikilar to Mrs. Jane. Dereckt to me at write honnabel Lord Wycount Fitzarnolds Blanzey Lodge near Limerick Ireland, an if you pays the postadge it wull com free, so no more to command your
Loving freend
Stephen Macardoe
P.S. If you shoud here of Madam Sent Edward you may let me no , and you shall sheer sum of my reward, but her nam musent be menshend .
(Vol. 2,p. 52-54)
Speaker #5:O'Nettle; Mrs. Lacy; others - mixed group of domestic staff
Individual or Group:Group
Primary Identity:Lord Connor's servants
Gender:Mixed
Age:Adult - unspecified age
Narrative Voice:1st person
Role:Peripheral

Social Role
Social Role Description:mixed group of domestic staff
Social Role Category:Servant
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Unspecified, but presumably England
Place of Origin Category:England
I must give it to you in his own words, madam, because you would not like to lose any part of it. "Lord Fitzarnold, a fine young man with a very large estate, has made so free with an English gentleman, as to carry off his wife per force!" "Aye, " replied some of the company, "how happened that?" "True upon my soul!" says O'Nettle; "it was neither by your leave nor with your leave; and if report says true, what was most extraordinary, it was against the lady's own consent!" "Why then," replied others, "won't his lordship be hanged?" "Why no," says O'Nettle; "I suppose circumstances will come out to prevent that, for it seems the lady and her husband lived on very ill terms, and that will go a great way to exculpate Lord Fitzarnold." "O now I think of it," said Mrs. Lacy, "it was mentioned in our still room the other day, and one of our servants had got a letter from one Macardoe, who lives with Lord Fitzarnold; and moreover, he said that the lady was got away and gone nobody knew whither , and that she was the sweetest creature that ever was seen."
(Vol. 2,p. 66-67)
Speaker #6:Fisherman - Fishermen
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Fisherman
Gender:Male
Age:Adult - unspecified age
Narrative Voice:1st person
Role:Peripheral

Social Role
Social Role Description:Fishermen
Social Role Category:Trade or craft
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Holyhead
Place of Origin Category:Holyhead, Anglesey, North Wales, Wales
Speakers: All , Fisherman
"Lord help your honour," says the good countryman, "her a been dead a long while; why the fish had begun upon her, and you couldn't scarce tell a feature that her had: her cloaths all drapt off by bits, and we could only save these here papers that was in her pockets-- they be dried and persarved --and two rings upon her fingers, as we have honestly brought to your honour; and it is all a had about her."
(Vol. 2,p. 94)
Speaker #7:Meg Barney - Cottager
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Cottager
Gender:Female
Age:Adult - middle aged
Narrative Voice:1st person
Role:Peripheral

Social Role
Social Role Description:Cottager
Social Role Category:Respectable poor
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Irish - assume somewhere around Dublin
Place of Origin Category:Dublin, Ireland
Speakers: All , Meg Barney
She stared at me for some moments, and then said, in a true Irish accent, "Arrah my dear, but you look like after being a gentlewoman! Pray God ye be not be a spy from the rebels." I assured her I was not; that I would do her no harm; and only wanted to take a little rest, and have something to drink. "Why then, come in," said the good woman; "and be after making yourself welcome, for ye seem to be haggard and weary."
(Vol. 2,p. 151)
Speaker #8:Post-boy - Post-boy (driving cart)
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Post-boy
Gender:Male
Age:Youth
Narrative Voice:1st person
Role:Central

Social Role
Social Role Description:Post-boy (driving cart)
Social Role Category:Respectable poor
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Unspecified, but presumably England
Place of Origin Category:England
Extract #1 dialect features: Grammar, Orthographical Contraction, Vocabulary
Speakers: All , Post-boy
"I knows nothing of a lady," replied the post-boy, (drawing up his horses, and scratching his head,) "but if anybody wants a cast , I'll take 'em to the turnpike for a can of whiskey."
(Vol. 2,p. 158)
Displaying 8 characters from this novel    |    Highlight dialect features in each extract    |    Do not highlight dialect features in each extract
Version 1.1 (December 2015)Background image reproduced from the Database of Mid Victorian Illustration (DMVI)