Dialect in British Fiction: 1800-1836Funded by The Arts and Humanities Research CouncilSupported by The University of Sheffield
Full record including Speech Extracts
M'Chronicle (pseudonym), Ronald Legends of Scotland. Third Series. In three Volumes. Containing Edward Falconer.
Author Details
Surname:M'Chronicle (pseudonym)
First Names:Ronald
Gender:Male
Anonymous:Yes
Publication Details
Publisher:A.K. Newman & Co. Leadenhall-Street
Place:London
Date:1828
Novel Details
Genre:Anecdotal; ballads/poems; courtship; domestic; manners/society
Setting:Scotland; London; Continent
Period:Contemporary
Plot
This is an intertwined set of stories with lots of different plots going on with different characters.
Edward Falconer comes from a moderately wealthy family from the North of Scotland. He is prudent and frugal. He marries a wife originally from a good family. She is also prudent and sensible but a bit whimsical. They have three children: Jenny, Henry and Mary. They live in a house Noblesheugh. Obadiah Whyte comes to work for him as a clerk but is a bit sly. The Gordons are friends of the family. John Gordon is a schoolmaster at village of Clearburn nearby. Mrs Jane Stirling also a friend. She is a very learned woman, with a maid Shusey who aims to copy her elevated language. Maysey Noble is a local madwoman.
Sandy McAlpine returns home for a visit. The story sidesteps for McAlpine's backstory, which then becomes a highly romantic side story from a soldier named Ettrick about a German queen and her son. Then there is an account of McAlpine's University days, during which time he was friends with an Irishman, an Englishman and an American and some various accounts of their romantic entanglements. Then the narrative returns home to Roseheugh where there is a side story about the marriage between his sister Louisa and Salvador, which is briefly delayed owing to accusations of witchcraft.
The narrative then switches to the story of Captain Ronald Ross, told in first person. He falls in love with Flora, they are parted and she nearly has to marry someone else, he pines and keeps hearing her Gaelic song. Eventually they are reunited. McAlpine becomes engaged to Jenny Falconer. There are various other romantic subplots. Meanwhile Obadiah is growing in wealth and influence and he plans to ruin Edward Falconer by entangling him with a wealthy widow, Mrs. Welford. He succeeds and Edward leaves to try to make fortune in India.
Various other romantic stories are woven in. Mary is abducted by a cruel Lord who originally ruined Mrs Welford, but she manages to escape with the help of Maysey.
Eventually all ends happily for the good characters, the bad characters receive their comeuppance, and even Edward Falconer returns to his family, having successfully made money abroad.
Overview of the Dialect
Overall there is light use of various accents to characterize the array of different individuals encountered in the novel. By and large these are not marked in great detail or very consistently, and the characters so marked are typically not involved in the main romantic plots; they are there for background colour and humour. Accents include: several Scots speaking character; two Londoners: an Irishman; a Yorkshireman (very brief); a 'young girl of color' who proves to be white and Spanish.

Unexpectedly nondialectal characters: Several instances where the children of dialect speakers are not dialect speakers, for example, Mungo's children. Also when an American is introduced he has no marked accent. Flora, who speaks Gaelic as a first language, is not marked as having an accent when she speaks English.
Displaying 10 characters from this novel    |    Highlight dialect features in each extract    |    Do not highlight dialect features in each extract
Speaker #1:Shusey Dobbin - Maid
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Shusey Dobbin
Gender:Female
Age:Adult - unspecified age
Narrative Voice:3rd person
Role:Minor

Social Role
Social Role Description:Maid
Social Role Category:Servant
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:North of Scotland
Place of Origin Category:Noblesheugh, Highlands, Scotland
Speakers: All , Shusey Dobbin
Great was the disappointment, on reaching Mrs. Jane's wilderness, to find no one but Shusey Dobbin, who gave them a cordial welcome, in her own style of language, which was a very singular imitation of Mrs. Stirling's. [...]
Henry, Jenny, and Mary, having told their news, and invited Mrs. Stirling to Noblesheugh, were informed by Shusey that Mrs. Jane was gone to the next village, to see a poor family, whose father had died suddenly, as they said; but her mistress though he had defuncted of feel it and see , for he had once before hung himself, and was cut down by his wife. -- "The more's the pity!" ejaculated Shusey; "Mrs Jane sent for the doctor, and he refussiated him, by blowing up his lungs. I weel remember," said she, "carrying some cordials there, with my mistress, and how she sat by him, and prayed for his poor frightened soul, which by that time had come back to his body; and many's the pious and larned words she spake to him, and he was very penitentiary, and promised her never to make an assault upon his own life again; but the spirit is willing, and the flesh weak: and he was weel off too, for he had an officious sitwation under government, and naebody durst brew a drap o' whisky, if his nose was within a mile o' them."
(Vol. 1,p. 38-39)
Speakers: All , Shusey Dobbin
Shusey entering, stood to view the miniature of John Gordon, and being asked if it was like -- "Like!" said she; "as like as twa pease; but I wonder how ye got sic a muckle man into sic a wee bouk ; it's just like the tale maister Henry used to read, where a great genius got into a sma' copper."
Mrs Jane smiled, and told Shusey the story was only imaginary, to which she replied -- "Yes, madam, ye ken best; but if Solomon's seal had been o' ony use, the giant wad hae been o'er wise to gang in again."
(Vol. 3,p. 70)
Speaker #2:Joseph Corderoy - Draper
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Joseph Corderoy
Gender:Male
Age:Adult - unspecified age
Narrative Voice:3rd person
Role:Minor

Social Role
Social Role Description:Draper
Social Role Category:Trade or craft
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:London
Place of Origin Category:London, South East England, England
"So am I to meet with you," said Joseph, who seemed a jolly good-humoured John Bull, " wery happy indeed, for I've had no one to conwerse with a long time, but these outlandish Highlanders, though I don't know as I ever saw a heartier set either ."
"Have you done much business?" asked Gobbins.
"Business!" repeated the laughing Corderoy, " vy there is none on 'em needs no clothes ; a jacket and plaid serves em three generations, and you knows they wears no inexpressibles ."
Moffat here laughed aloud -- "You had better," said he to Corderoy, "go back and make for the trade, for the ninth part of a man will be a better customer than a Highlander."
Corderoy's risible faculties were again heartily excited, though at the expence of the fraternity to which he belonged.
"But how came you so far from home?" asked Gobbins.
" Vy ," said he, "I came to wisit an aunt as lives in Perth , and thought I might do some business, and improve my health, by making a little tower ; for I was in a bad vay , my happetite was quite gone, at breakfast and dinner, and my misses used to say, that if it hadn't a been for my hot lunch, I should have starved; but here I ham ," said he, "with a happetite as sharp as a needle, and we'll start together for London."
(Vol. 1,p. 102-103)
Extract #2 dialect features: Orthographical Respelling
Speakers: All , Joseph Corderoy
"You know," said he to Gobbins, "that my vife is a Scotchwoman, and as nice an ooman -- but no more of that: the song is supposed to be a dialogue between an Englishman and a Scotchman."
(Vol. 1,p. 111)
Speaker #3:Gobbins - Linen-draper
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:John Gobbins
Gender:Male
Age:Adult - middle aged
Narrative Voice:3rd person
Role:Minor

Social Role
Social Role Description:Linen-draper
Social Role Category:Trade or craft
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:London
Place of Origin Category:London, South East England, England
"So am I to meet with you," said Joseph, who seemed a jolly good-humoured John Bull, " wery happy indeed, for I've had no one to conwerse with a long time, but these outlandish Highlanders, though I don't know as I ever saw a heartier set either ."
"Have you done much business?" asked Gobbins.
"Business!" repeated the laughing Corderoy, " vy there is none on 'em needs no clothes ; a jacket and plaid serves em three generations, and you knows they wears no inexpressibles ."
Moffat here laughed aloud -- "You had better," said he to Corderoy, "go back and make for the trade, for the ninth part of a man will be a better customer than a Highlander."
Corderoy's risible faculties were again heartily excited, though at the expence of the fraternity to which he belonged.
"But how came you so far from home?" asked Gobbins.
" Vy ," said he, "I came to wisit an aunt as lives in Perth , and thought I might do some business, and improve my health, by making a little tower ; for I was in a bad vay , my happetite was quite gone, at breakfast and dinner, and my misses used to say, that if it hadn't a been for my hot lunch, I should have starved; but here I ham ," said he, "with a happetite as sharp as a needle, and we'll start together for London."
(Vol. 1,p. 102-103)
Speakers: All , Gobbins
"Well," said Gobbins, relaxing from his ill-humour, "I will see -- I don't mind a little money; thank God, I'm well to do. I can't , no, nor no other true-born Englishman can't never travel, nor do nothen else, upon an empty stomach, as you Scotch can."
Moffat told him he was an Irishman, but his mother was Scotch; to which Gobbins replied, with a grin -- " Ay , ay , it's all the same in the Greek, you knows -- the devil a barrel the better herring ."
(Vol. 1,p. 98-99)
"Miss Chrighton!" said Gobbins -- "Miss Chrighton! you are the landlord's daughter, a'n't ye ?"
" I'm Christy Crichton," said she, rather piqued; " There's nae Misses here."
"Well," said he, in a coaxing tone, "your house has a great reputation, my bawney lass ; and I would like (for the honour of Scotland you know) to treat an English gentleman, a friend of mine, handsomely, and --"
He was going on, when Christy, who had a good deal of mother wit about her, and saw through his " fleeching ," replied -- "Hadn't ye better gie him a guse , gif ye mean maister Corderoy?"
Gobbins knew enough Scotch to understand that she meant a goose, though the allusion to the trade of Joseph was lost upon him. But it so happened, that the Perthshire aunt was a cousin of Crichton's. -- "A goose!" said Gobbins, considering -- "No." His eye was attracted at this moment by the sight of a fine cock, who stood on the top of the midden close to the room window, and crowed with all his might. -- "Have you any moor cocks?" asked he.
"Oh, ay -- wealth o' them," was the reply.
"Then let us have a couple of fine ones," eagerly said Gobbins; "and I know you will do them just to a turn. Game I am most particularly fond of, and I dare say you are quite in the habit of dressing it. I am sure I shall make an excellent dinner. As to fish, or soup, or any thing else, I leave that entirely to you, my bawney lass . And remember, just to the tick of the clock, piping hot, and a nice brown toast under -- bread sauce, and gravy, and not over done; and -- fish, and the rest -- I know I can trust to you, my bawney lass ," repeated he again.
(Vol. 1,p. 105-106)
Speaker #4:Christy Chrichton - Cook
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Christy Chrichton
Gender:Female
Age:Adult - young
Narrative Voice:3rd person
Role:Minor

Social Role
Social Role Description:Cook
Social Role Category:Trade or craft
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Scotland, but has lived in London
Place of Origin Category:Scotland
"Miss Chrighton!" said Gobbins -- "Miss Chrighton! you are the landlord's daughter, a'n't ye ?"
" I'm Christy Crichton," said she, rather piqued; " There's nae Misses here."
"Well," said he, in a coaxing tone, "your house has a great reputation, my bawney lass ; and I would like (for the honour of Scotland you know) to treat an English gentleman, a friend of mine, handsomely, and --"
He was going on, when Christy, who had a good deal of mother wit about her, and saw through his " fleeching ," replied -- "Hadn't ye better gie him a guse , gif ye mean maister Corderoy?"
Gobbins knew enough Scotch to understand that she meant a goose, though the allusion to the trade of Joseph was lost upon him. But it so happened, that the Perthshire aunt was a cousin of Crichton's. -- "A goose!" said Gobbins, considering -- "No." His eye was attracted at this moment by the sight of a fine cock, who stood on the top of the midden close to the room window, and crowed with all his might. -- "Have you any moor cocks?" asked he.
"Oh, ay -- wealth o' them," was the reply.
"Then let us have a couple of fine ones," eagerly said Gobbins; "and I know you will do them just to a turn. Game I am most particularly fond of, and I dare say you are quite in the habit of dressing it. I am sure I shall make an excellent dinner. As to fish, or soup, or any thing else, I leave that entirely to you, my bawney lass . And remember, just to the tick of the clock, piping hot, and a nice brown toast under -- bread sauce, and gravy, and not over done; and -- fish, and the rest -- I know I can trust to you, my bawney lass ," repeated he again.
(Vol. 1,p. 105-106)
It was close by the bar -- only one small room intervened, where bonny Christy kept her supplied, and where she was always to be found, counting the bawbees , and dealing out her simple honest smiles to a gude customer, be they gentle or semple . "The gude character o' her faither's hoose , which had been susteened through mony a year by her dooce carefu' mother," was dear to her heart "as the light to her ee ."
(Vol. 1,p. 104)
Speaker #5:Mungo - Drugist
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Drugist
Gender:Male
Age:Adult - middle aged
Narrative Voice:3rd person
Role:Minor

Social Role
Social Role Description:Drugist
Social Role Category:Trade or craft
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Scotland
Place of Origin Category:Scotland
Speakers: All , Mungo
He asked me many questions, among which were - where I lived, and what had been taken into the stomach?
I told him, as plainly as I could; upon which he laughed heartily. -- " Ye're fou , callant ," said he; " de'il a haid's the matter wi' ye'r head. I ken Tibbie Paterson weel , and sae does she Mungo Sinclair: she should nae gie sic birkies as you her black cork; but ye'll ken better anither time, than to drink the barley bree sae fast, or sae muckle o't either."
(Vol. 1,p. 116)
Speakers: All , Mungo
Mungo, who liked the plain dealing of Seymour better than the sentiment of Melville, exclaimed -- " That's gude soond doctrine, Mr. Seymour; nane o' us a' need to be a rogue, unless he likes it; but we need nae be sic fules either, as to tak' every rogue for an honest man. I'll tell ye what it is, Eeley," continued he, "the main concern o' a woman's life ought to be to get a gude husband -- ( ye needna blush, Eely; ye ken I'm amaist your faither ) for this plain reason, she needs somebody to help her to faught through the warld , and to lean upon; and gude sooth , a flory chap before marriage, however handsome he may be, will prove but a broken reed after. A word o' wholesome cooncil , in the defeecwilties o' life, is aften necessary to baith man and woman, ay , as necessary as daily bread; and wha wad na be deevilishly disappointed when they were hungry, to get a mouthfu o' fro' instead o' a piece gude sheep's head?"
(Vol. 1,p. 130-131)
Speakers: All , Mungo
Up started uncle Mungo -- " Ay , Fanny, and wha would ever consent to sic a cratur as Eely Sinclair throwing hersel awa upon sic a whipt syllabub as that, wi his poosee and his poetry? A man that's really in love never thinks o' sic nonsense. When I was a young man, I had Allan Ramsay, and Thomson, and a thraive o' them, at my finger's ends; but they never cam the length o' my tongue, when the lassie I likit was beside me -- na , na ! I forgot a' think but hersel ; she was a bonnie lassie , and a gude !" added he, in a tone of deepest feeling.
(Vol. 1,p. 134-135)
Speaker #6:Mrs Paterson - Landlady
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Mrs Paterson
Gender:Female
Age:Adult - middle aged
Narrative Voice:3rd person
Role:Minor

Social Role
Social Role Description:Landlady
Social Role Category:Trade or craft
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Scotland
Place of Origin Category:Scotland
I reached Edinburgh in safety, and alighted at the house of Mrs. Paterson, in a place called the Horse-wynd, in the vicinity of the College. She received me with great kindness, in the frank homespun style so characteristic of the country; and while I was doing honour to her beef ham and minced collops , she told me what classes were open, the names of the professors, their fees, etc. etc. not even omitting the janitor, who she described as an " oily slee body , worth siller ."
She finished her narration by advising me to be -- " Dooce , and mind my studies, and mak a man o' mysel;" adding, "the greatest man our university ever saw, was but the minister o' a country kirk no far aff , whare the parishioners used to pay him his stipend by sma's , just as they could afford it; and it's weel ken'd that his wife had ae day sent for half-a pund o' butter, when a farmer coming in wi' thirty shillings, she cried after the lass -- ' Ye may bring a pund noo , Bawby ;' which shews , Sandy," said she, "that ony body may get to the tap o' the tree, that taks the pains to speel . She then brought out her ewe-milk cheese, and her Bell's ale, or black cork , and left me to return to her domestic concerns."
(Vol. 1,p. 114-115)
I asked her if any thing was the matter?
"Oh," said she, "I have had a sair fight this twa three days."
"About what?" asked I.
"Just aboot poor Mr. Ostadt, the American, wha has been wi' me sae mony sessions."
"Nothing unpleasant has happened, I trust; for though so shy, I have heard you say he is an honourable young man."
" Trouth is he," said heartily; "and I'll tell you a' aboot it. Ye ken he took his degree at the last batch, though my tongue is no used to ca' him doctor yet; and he staid to attend another course o' botany at the gairdens . Ye mind, he was just aboot to set aff , and begin the warld at New York, and that ye a' wrote some keepsake lines in his album. Weel , he delayed and delayed, and was unco eerie like ; and as I had a great kindess for him, I asked him ae day, what was the matter wi' him? He held his tongue, and his face turned red, for he is unco modest and quiet. So, says I, ' Ye neednae mind telling me Mr. Ostadt, for I hae sons o' my ain , and I ken callants wull get into bits o' scrapes noos and thens .'"
(Vol. 1,p. 142-3)
Speaker #7:Teague O'Larney - Has been with the Admiral since a boy
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Teague O'Larney
Gender:Male
Age:Adult - young
Narrative Voice:3rd person
Role:Minor

Social Role
Social Role Description:Has been with the Admiral since a boy
Social Role Category:Seafarer
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Ireland
Place of Origin Category:Ireland
Teague O'Larney, rejoicing over his good fortune, was assiduously endeavouring to read the letter Mrs. Century had given him, when Frank Heartly entered. -- "Oh, squire," said Teague, "I wish I might make bold to trust your honour."
"Certainly," said the squire, who had a sharp eye to any thing that promised amusement, "certainly. I fancy you find it difficult to make out your letter."
"No, your honour," said Teague; "for the bearer tould me what was in it: it is a little cratur over head and ears in love wid me. Now I can't make love with pen and ink at all, at all , only face to face your honour."
"Well, O'Larney," said the squire, "what can I do for you?"
"Just only answer this love-letter," replied Teague, as he put the epistle into the hand of the young gentleman […]
(Vol. 2,p. 176-177)
Extract #2 dialect features: Metalanguage, Orthographical Respelling
Speakers: All , Teague O'Larney
Teague, who was a true son of Erin, in love and in war, darted forward, uttering his admiration in a rich brogue. -- "And is it you, my darling? -- my beautiful cratur !" said he, falling on both knees -- "is it you?" while he seized her hand, and covered it with kisses, so substantial, that the walls of the summer-house echoed again.
(Vol. 3,p. 5)
Speaker #8:Tom - A Yorkshire lad and Lucy's sweetheart
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Tom
Gender:Male
Age:Adult - young
Narrative Voice:3rd person
Role:Minor

Social Role
Social Role Description:A Yorkshire lad and Lucy's sweetheart
Social Role Category:Trade or craft
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Yorkshire
Place of Origin Category:Yorkshire, North England, England
Speakers: All , Tom, interlocutor
" Lauk , Lucy," said he, " how glad I be to see you ! If ever I meak geam o' a ghost again!"
So saying his threw his arms round her neck, and kissed her; for which she gave him a smart box on the ear. -- "So you took me for a spirit, master Thomas?" said the indignant damsel.
" Ifackins , you've raither too much o' the spirit about you, madam Lucy," replied Tom, holding his face. "I only wanted to try whether you were flesh and blud , or no. But I say, Mrs. Lucy, I didn't think such a pretty little hand as yourn could hit so hard."
"Would you like me to try again?" retorted she.
" Noa , noa," said he; " we'll be friends. You came here to see me, you know."
(Vol. 2,p. 126-127)
Speaker #9:Zora - Originally appears to be black servant, then revealed to be Spanish lady
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Zora
Gender:Female
Age:Adult - young
Narrative Voice:3rd person
Role:Minor

Social Role
Social Role Description:Originally appears to be black servant, then revealed to be Spanish lady
Social Role Category:Servant
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Pretending to be black. When it is revealed that she is really Spanish, she code-shifts to Standard English.
Place of Origin Category:Spain
Speakers: All , Zora, interlocutor
"You have been long in Spain then?" said he.
" Ees ," said Zora, " me see de fine Englisman , all in de regiment, wid de gran duke! Ah!" continued she, with an arch smile, while her eye of jet shone like a diamond from beneath the long inky lash, " de love!-- de love! -- every one love! -- de officer love de Spanish lady , and," said she, displaying her whole set of pearly teeth, " de Spanish lady love de Englis captains!"
Frankville half smiled. -- " You like to hear , captain? Zora will tell a love-story, 'bout a Missey in Spain." Frankville stopped his walk, and sat down and the rest were all attention. Zora's tale needed little the aid of language; her tone, her expressive action, and her sweet features, were almost sufficient to explain it, while her fine eyes sparkled with joy or melted with pity.
" Much , much fine man came to Spain wid de gran Englis duke! Oh, what beauty! dey carry all de poor Spanish ladies' hearts to England! One captains wish to carry de lady too! But, no! -- he was tall like de date palm; his eye like de sky , so blue! -- his hair curl and glitter , like de gold threads of Persia! -- and he smile so sweet ! like de sun on de sea at daydawn! He fight like a lion -- or de gran duke! All -- all love him. He love but one ! -- she teach him to play de guitar, to dance the seguadille ; he teach her speak Englis , and he fall deep, deep in love wid her."
(Vol. 3,p. 79-80)
Speaker #10:Duncan McFarlane - Waiter from Banff
Individual or Group:Individual
Primary Identity:Duncan McFarlane
Gender:Male
Age:Adult - unspecified age
Narrative Voice:3rd person
Role:Peripheral

Social Role
Social Role Description:Waiter from Banff
Social Role Category:Servant
Speaker's Origin
Place of Origin Description:Banff
Place of Origin Category:Banff, Aberdeenshire, Highlands, Scotland
Speakers: All , Duncan McFarlane
The waiter, turning to me to give the necessary information, exclaimed, in a strong Banff accent -- "As shure as I'm i' the body, ye're a son o' Maister McAlpine's, o' Roseheugh, the minister's son!" but immediately recollecting himself, he turned round to the statue, and booing with great respect, though there was a lurking sarcasm in his eye, he began -- " Sur , that gentleman -- I beg pardon -- sur , that nobleman, for he's no a gentleman, is the yerle o' Fungus -- the right honourable yerle o' Fungus, sur !"
(Vol. 1,p. 187-188)
Displaying 10 characters from this novel    |    Highlight dialect features in each extract    |    Do not highlight dialect features in each extract
Version 1.1 (December 2015)Background image reproduced from the Database of Mid Victorian Illustration (DMVI)